Avoiding Diabetic Complications
What are the symptoms of diabetes?
Unexplained weight loss, thirst, frequent urination, fatigue, and blurry vision are all signs of diabetes. And while an at-home testing kit could reveal the presence of high blood sugar, a visit to the doctor is the only way to be diagnosed and begin treatment.
It’s important that those newly diagnosed follow their doctor’s treatment plan. That could include taking medication, practicing healthy eating, increasing physical activity, and monitoring your blood sugar. A doctor may also suggest weight loss or insulin therapy. Left untreated, elevated blood sugar can cause other complications throughout the body, including:
Nerve damage: Diabetic neuropathy, a form of nerve damage, can show up as numbness, tingling, pain, perspiration issues, and bladder problems. It’s caused by elevated blood sugar levels. Managing blood sugar involves following your healthcare provider’s suggested diet, getting enough exercise, taking medications as prescribed, and regularly monitoring your blood glucose levels.
Increased risk of infection: People with diabetes face higher risk of bacterial and fungal infections due to elevated blood sugar levels. They should keep their skin clean and dry, bathe regularly, stay hydrated, and quickly address any slow-healing wounds.
Exacerbated dental issues: Similarly, elevated blood sugar means it is harder for the body to fight off infections in the mouth. More sugar in your blood means more sugar in your saliva, and that can lead to tooth decay. Regular dental cleanings can help older adults prevent decay. And be sure to tell your dentist that you have diabetes.
Impaired vision: Diabetic eye disease is the primary cause of vision loss among older adults. While conditions like glaucoma, cataracts, and retinal damage affect many, they occur more frequently and earlier in individuals with diabetes. Prolonged high blood sugar levels can harm eye blood vessels, including the retina, lens, and optic nerve. The Centers for Disease Control says early detection and treatment can avert or delay blindness in 90% of diabetic individuals. People with diabetes should get regular eye exams, even if it doesn’t seem like their vision is worsening.
Foot problems: While foot complications can affect anyone, diabetic nerve damage means the loss of sensation makes it harder to feel an injury. Regular foot inspections, coupled with meticulous foot hygiene, are essential preventive measures. Ask you healthcare provider about appropriate footwear and socks. They may suggest insoles or compression socks.
Heart disease, kidney disease, and stroke: Diabetes increases the risk of heart disease, stroke, and kidney disease. Follow a healthcare provider’s advice on healthy meals, exercise, ways to keep your blood pressure under control, and medication.
It’s possible to live a full and healthy life, even with diabetes. By closely monitoring blood sugar and following a healthcare professional’s personalized plan of care, older adults can keep their diabetes managed without complications.
